- Agaogullari, M. Ziya, and M. Bülent. Ottoman Empire Turkish Stamps Specialized Catalog: 1840-1922. 2 vol. Istanbul: ISFILAR, 2017.
- Esmer, Erkan. The Ottoman Empire: The Study of Postal Rates, Routes, Delivery Times, and Effects of Historical Events. Boomer: Esmer & Associates, Inc., 1996.
- Higlett, G.A. “Random Notes: IV—Katchak Post,” Turkish Postal History: An International Philatelic Community. Last modified April 7, 2009. www.turkishpostalhistory.com/index.php/en/m-articles/m-ottoman-empire/m-otto-stamps/68-turkey-random-notes-iv.
- Lawson, Mary H. “Philately.” Arago. Accessed April 4, 2019. https://arago.si.edu/category_2027477.html.
- Sariucak Stamps. “Ottoman Stamps.” Accessed August 22, 2019. https://sariucak.com/stamps/ottoman-stamps.
6/11/2019